avoid the punction of the necrotized area in necrotic tumors) Technique of choice due to its better suitability in assessing vascular structuresĬan be used to improve US-guided procedures (e.g. Improves US sensitivity in depicting vascular complications in the transplanted patient Can be used both ante-and postnatallyĬan be used in the follow-up of transplanted patients in order to avoid excessive irradiation Used in the characterization of complex urinary tract malformationsīetter characterization of abnormalities, incompletely evaluated by US. Used complementary to CT for the characterization of indeterminate lesions, particularly focal liver lesionsĮvaluation of suspected congenital abnormalitiesįirst-line imaging technique, both ante-and postnatal Technique of choice, both for baseline imaging and also for follow-up Used in the characterization of indeterminate liver lesions seen on CT Staging and evaluation of already known oncologic disease Imaging technique of choice for diagnosing and characterization of diffuse liver diseaseĬomplementary to US can be used to quantify diffuse liver disease Technique of choice for characterizing pelvic masses. Technique of choice for characterizing an abdominal mass discovered by US or clinical examination.Ĭan be used as a substitute for CT in selected cases. Can be used to exclude an abdominal mass in order to avoid excessive irradiation by CT Palpable abnormality (abdominal mass or organomegaly)įirst-line imaging technique for confirming hepato- or splenomegaly. Technique of choice for the diagnosis of renal or ureteral calculi Low sensitivity for bile duct calculiįirst-line imaging technique. Confirms the obstructive cause of jaundice by showing bile duct dilatationĬan be used as a substitute ifMRI is not available. Improves the sensitivity of US in detecting parenchymal trauma and active hemorrhageįirst-line imaging technique in high-energy traumaįirst-line imaging technique. suspicion of acute appendicitis), especially in children or young patientsįirst-line imaging technique in low-energy trauma limited to the abdomen FAST technique for the detection of hemoperitoneum, particularly useful in unstable patients Technique of choice if US is inconclusiveĬan be used, as an alternative to CT in selected cases (e.g. The aims of the following paper are to familiarize the clinician with the indications for imaging in abdominal pathology, to guide the clinician and radiologist in choosing the correct technique for a particular clinical situation, to prevent the overuse of imaging techniques and to prevent misdiagnosis of disease and incorrect therapy resulting from inappropriate imaging. However, magnetic resonance imaging has well-established clinical roles particularly for evaluating diffuse or focal hepatic pathology, benign and malignant bile duct pathology, pancreatic tumors, inflammatory bowel disease and rectal tumors. Magnetic resonance imaging has very limited utility in abdominal emergencies due to difficulty of accessing the scanner and the long duration of the examination compared to computed tomography or ultrasound. The use of computed tomography should be limited due to the potential harmful side effects of ionizing radiation, but it has established roles in evaluating severe abdominal traumatic and non-traumatic emergencies as well as in staging oncologic patients. The use of ultrasound contrast agents has significantly improved ultrasound diagnostic capacities in both hepatic and non-hepatic pathology. Ultrasound, which on its own can lead to an accurate diagnosis, plays a pivotal role in the management of abdominal pathology. A good knowledge of indications is of crucial importance in the management of the patient with abdominal pathology. Imaging has a very important role in evaluating abdominal pathology.
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